Renal nuclear medicine studies can provide means of renal function evaluation that may offer a great contribution in defining medical decisions towards some pathologic situations of the urinary tract. There are specific tracers to evaluate different aspects of renal function, such as glomerular filtration rate (GFR), cortical function or tubular secretion and efective renal plasm flow (ERPF).

The authors describe the main types of procedures and radiotracers commonly used in daily nephrourologic practice. It is stressed the importance of those methods as adjuvants in the investigation and decision making process in clinical conditions like hidronephrosis, renovascular hypertension, pielonephritis, renal lithiasis and others.